Indications
Amino acid infusions are used to feed a patient through a vein (parenteral nutrition) when they cannot eat or absorb enough protein by mouth. Examples include after major surgery, serious illness or injury, burns, severe gut problems and protein malnutrition. Some products also contain Glucose, Sorbitol, electrolytes or vitamins to provide energy and salts.
How It Works
Amino acids are the building blocks of protein. Given into a vein, they are used by the body to repair tissues, heal wounds, maintain muscle and make enzymes and antibodies, helping prevent the body from breaking down its own muscle.
Dosage and Administration
Given only in hospital as a slow infusion into a vein by a doctor or nurse. The amount, strength and drip rate are worked out for each patient from body weight, illness, fluid needs and blood test results, as prescribed. It must not be given too quickly.
Interactions
Other medicines should not be added to the infusion bag unless a pharmacist confirms they are compatible. Steroids and some other medicines can change how the body handles protein and sugar. Tell the care team about all medicines the patient is receiving.
Contraindications
- Severe kidney failure when dialysis is not available.
- Severe liver failure or liver coma.
- Inborn disorders of amino acid metabolism.
- Fluid overload, severe heart failure, shock or severe metabolic acidosis.
- Products with Sorbitol: hereditary fructose intolerance.
- Allergy to any ingredient.
Side Effects
Nausea, vomiting, flushing, feeling hot, fever, chills, headache and pain, redness or swelling where the drip goes in (vein irritation). Products with Glucose can raise blood sugar.
Tell the nurse or doctor immediately if the patient has shortness of breath, chest tightness, swelling, rash or itching, a racing heart, or severe pain or swelling at the drip site.
Pregnancy and Lactation
Used in pregnancy and breastfeeding only when the doctor decides that feeding through a vein is needed, with careful monitoring.
Precautions and Warnings
- Fluids, electrolytes, blood sugar, kidney and liver function are checked regularly.
- Use with care in kidney, liver or heart disease and in diabetes.
- Use only if the solution is clear and the bag is intact. Use once; discard any remaining solution.
Overdose
Giving too much or too fast can cause nausea, vomiting, flushing, chills, fluid overload and changes in blood acid or salts. The infusion is slowed or stopped and the patient is treated by the medical team.
Therapeutic Class
Parenteral nutrition (amino acid solution for intravenous infusion).
Storage
Store below 30°C, or as stated on the label, protected from light. Do not freeze. Keep out of the reach of children.
Prepared by the Oshud Alo team from standard drug references. For information only; always follow your doctor's advice.