Indications
Basiliximab is used in hospital to help prevent the body from rejecting a newly transplanted kidney. It is given around the time of the transplant operation, together with other anti-rejection medicines such as Ciclosporin, Tacrolimus, Mycophenolate and corticosteroids.
How It Works
Basiliximab is a monoclonal antibody. It attaches to the interleukin-2 receptor (CD25) on activated T cells, the white blood cells that lead the attack on a transplanted organ. By blocking this receptor, it stops these cells from multiplying in the critical early weeks after transplant, lowering the risk of acute rejection.
Dosage and Administration
Basiliximab is given into a vein by a doctor or nurse in the transplant unit, usually as two doses: one shortly before surgery and one a few days after. The dose is as prescribed, and in children it depends on body weight.
Interactions
- Used together with other immunosuppressants; levels of Tacrolimus or Ciclosporin may need checking and adjusting.
- Live vaccines should be avoided around the time of treatment.
- Tell the transplant team about all other medicines and supplements.
Contraindications
- Allergy to Basiliximab or any ingredient.
- Pregnancy and breastfeeding.
Side Effects
Side effects seen after kidney transplant are mostly due to the combined anti-rejection treatment and the surgery: constipation, nausea, diarrhoea, urinary infections, pain, swelling, high blood pressure, anaemia, headache, tremor and changes in blood sugar or salts. Infections and, over the long term, some cancers are more likely with immunosuppression. Rarely, severe allergic reactions can occur during the infusion.
Get urgent medical help (tell the nurse at once) if there is difficulty breathing, wheezing, swelling of the face or throat, rash, a fast heartbeat or collapse, or later signs of infection such as fever, chills or burning on passing urine.
Pregnancy and Lactation
Basiliximab should not be used in pregnancy. Women who could become pregnant should use effective contraception during treatment and for 4 months after the last dose. Do not breastfeed during this time.
Precautions and Warnings
- Given only by doctors experienced in transplant medicine, with resuscitation equipment available.
- A second course may carry a higher risk of allergic reaction.
- Regular check-ups and blood tests are needed after transplant.
- Avoid contact with people who have infections, and protect skin from the sun.
Overdose
No harmful effects of higher doses are known, but the immune system may be suppressed for longer. The patient is monitored by the transplant team.
Therapeutic Class
Immunosuppressant, interleukin-2 receptor antagonist (monoclonal antibody).
Storage
Hospital medicine: store in a refrigerator at 2 to 8°C; do not freeze. Store as directed on the pack. Keep out of the reach of children.
Prepared by the Oshud Alo team from standard drug references. For information only; always follow your doctor's advice.