Indications
Carbonyl Iron is a form of iron taken by mouth. It is used to:
- Treat iron deficiency anaemia (low blood from lack of iron)
- Prevent iron deficiency in pregnancy, after blood loss, heavy periods, poor diet or growth spurts
It is often combined with Folic Acid, Zinc or vitamins in one capsule or tablet.
How It Works
Carbonyl Iron is made of very fine particles of pure iron. Stomach acid dissolves it slowly, and the iron is absorbed gradually in the gut. The body uses it to make haemoglobin, the part of red blood cells that carries oxygen. Because it is absorbed slowly, it tends to cause less stomach upset and is less toxic in accidental overdose than some other iron salts.
Dosage and Administration
Adults: usually one capsule or tablet a day, or as the doctor advises. Doses are counted as elemental iron, and the amount differs between products, so follow the label. Pregnancy and children: as prescribed. It is best absorbed on an empty stomach, but can be taken with food if it upsets the stomach. Treatment for anaemia usually continues for about 3 months after the blood count is normal, to refill iron stores.
Interactions
- Antacids, calcium supplements, milk, tea and coffee reduce iron absorption; take them at least 2 hours apart.
- Iron reduces absorption of Doxycycline and other tetracyclines, Ciprofloxacin and other quinolones, Levothyroxine, Levodopa, Penicillamine and bisphosphonates; separate doses by at least 2 hours (4 hours for Levothyroxine).
- Vitamin C (such as orange juice) can help absorption.
Contraindications
- Iron overload conditions such as haemochromatosis or haemosiderosis
- Anaemia not caused by iron deficiency (such as thalassaemia, unless the doctor advises iron)
- People receiving repeated blood transfusions
- Allergy to any ingredient of the product
Side Effects
Common: dark or black stools (harmless and expected), constipation, nausea, stomach discomfort and sometimes diarrhoea.
Get urgent medical help if you have:
- Black, sticky stools with stomach pain, or vomiting blood (possible bleeding, which is different from the normal dark stools)
- Severe stomach pain or repeated vomiting
- Swelling of the face, lips or throat, difficulty breathing, or a widespread rash
Pregnancy and Lactation
Iron is commonly recommended during pregnancy and breastfeeding to prevent or treat iron deficiency. Take the dose your doctor advises.
Precautions and Warnings
- Have the cause of anaemia checked by a doctor before long-term use.
- Do not take more than one iron product at a time unless advised.
- Tell the doctor about stomach ulcers, bowel disease or repeated blood transfusions.
- Keep out of the reach of children: iron overdose is a common cause of poisoning in young children.
Overdose
Iron overdose is an emergency, especially in children, even though Carbonyl Iron is less toxic than some other forms. Early signs are vomiting, diarrhoea and stomach pain. Go to hospital at once, even if the person seems well, and take the pack with you.
Therapeutic Class
Iron preparation (haematinic).
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light and out of the reach of children.
Prepared by the Oshud Alo team from standard drug references. For information only; always follow your doctor's advice.