Indications
Clioquinol (also called iodochlorhydroxyquin) is an antifungal and antibacterial agent used on the skin. It is found in creams and ointments, often combined with a corticosteroid such as Flumetasone or Hydrocortisone, to treat inflamed skin conditions that are infected or at risk of infection, such as infected eczema, dermatitis, fungal skin infections (ringworm, athlete’s foot, intertrigo), impetigo and some ear canal infections (otitis externa).
How It Works
Clioquinol stops the growth of many fungi (including Candida and dermatophytes) and some bacteria, probably by binding metals that these germs need. When combined with a steroid, the steroid reduces redness, swelling and itching while clioquinol controls the infection.
Dosage and Administration
Adults and children over 2 years: apply a thin layer to the affected area 2 to 3 times a day, or as directed on the label or by your doctor. Clean and dry the skin first and wash your hands after use (unless treating the hands). Do not use for more than 1 to 2 weeks without medical advice, especially if the product contains a steroid. Do not cover with tight dressings unless told to. Avoid large areas of skin.
Interactions
Few interactions are expected with skin use. Clioquinol contains iodine, which can be absorbed and interfere with thyroid function tests for up to 3 months after use. It may also cause false results in the urine test for phenylketonuria.
Contraindications
Do not use if you are allergic to clioquinol, iodine or any ingredient, in children under 2 years, on the eyes, or on large areas of broken skin. Products containing a steroid should not be used on untreated viral skin infections (such as cold sores or chickenpox), tuberculosis of the skin, or rosacea and acne.
Side Effects
- Local burning, itching or irritation.
- Allergic skin reaction (contact dermatitis).
- Yellow staining of skin, hair, nails, clothes and bedding.
- With steroid combinations used for a long time: thinning of the skin, stretch marks, visible small blood vessels.
Stop using it and get urgent medical help if you develop swelling of the face, lips or throat, difficulty breathing, or a severe or spreading rash.
Pregnancy and Lactation
Avoid use on large areas or for long periods in pregnancy and breastfeeding, as iodine can be absorbed. Use only if your doctor advises it, and do not apply to the breast area while breastfeeding.
Precautions and Warnings
For external use only; avoid contact with the eyes and mouth. Absorption through the skin is greater on large, broken or covered areas and in young children, which may affect the thyroid or nervous system, so use only on small areas for a short time. Clioquinol taken by mouth was linked to serious nerve damage in the past and is no longer used that way. See a doctor if there is no improvement within 1 week.
Overdose
Overdose is unlikely with normal skin use. If swallowed, rinse the mouth and seek medical advice.
Therapeutic Class
Topical anti-infective (hydroxyquinoline antifungal and antibacterial).
Storage
Store below 30°C, keep the tube tightly closed and away from light, and out of the reach of children.
Prepared by the Oshud Alo team from standard drug references. For information only; always follow your doctor's advice.