Indications
Elemental zinc (usually supplied as zinc sulfate or another zinc salt) is used together with oral rehydration salts (ORS) to treat acute diarrhoea in children, and to prevent and treat zinc deficiency. Zinc deficiency can cause poor growth, poor appetite, frequent infections, slow wound healing and skin problems.
How It Works
Zinc is a trace mineral needed by hundreds of enzymes in the body. It helps the immune system work, supports repair of the gut lining and helps the body absorb water and salts. In diarrhoea, zinc shortens the illness, makes it less severe and lowers the chance of another episode in the following months.
Dosage and Administration
For acute diarrhoea in children, the usual amount is 20 mg of elemental zinc once daily for 10 to 14 days for children aged 6 months and over, and 10 mg once daily for 10 to 14 days for infants under 6 months, given along with ORS. Dispersible tablets can be dissolved in a little clean water or breast milk. Keep giving the full course even after the diarrhoea stops. For zinc deficiency in adults, use as prescribed or as directed on the label.
Interactions
Zinc can reduce the absorption of Tetracycline, Doxycycline, Ciprofloxacin and other quinolone antibiotics, and of Penicillamine; take them at least 2 hours apart. Iron and calcium supplements taken at the same time may reduce zinc absorption. Long-term high-dose zinc can lower copper levels.
Contraindications
- Allergy to any ingredient of the product.
- Known copper deficiency, unless a doctor advises otherwise.
Side Effects
Zinc is usually well tolerated. Nausea, vomiting, stomach upset or a metallic taste may occur, especially on an empty stomach. If a child vomits within 30 minutes of a dose, a repeat dose can be given.
Get urgent medical help if a child with diarrhoea shows signs of dehydration (very sleepy, sunken eyes, not drinking, little urine), blood in the stool, high fever or repeated vomiting, or if there is any sign of a severe allergic reaction.
Pregnancy and Lactation
Zinc at normal supplement amounts is considered safe in pregnancy and breastfeeding. Use higher doses only on a doctor’s advice.
Precautions and Warnings
Zinc does not replace ORS; both are needed to treat diarrhoea. Continue breastfeeding and normal feeding during diarrhoea. Do not give more than the recommended amount, as long-term excess zinc can cause copper deficiency and anaemia.
Overdose
Large amounts can cause nausea, vomiting, stomach pain and diarrhoea. If a child swallows many tablets, contact a doctor or hospital straight away.
Therapeutic Class
Mineral supplement (trace element).
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light and out of the reach of children.
Prepared by the Oshud Alo team from standard drug references. For information only; always follow your doctor's advice.