Indications
Ertugliflozin is used together with diet and exercise to improve blood sugar control in adults with type 2 diabetes. It can be used alone or with other diabetes medicines such as Metformin or Sitagliptin. It is not for type 1 diabetes.
How It Works
Ertugliflozin is an SGLT2 inhibitor. It blocks a transporter in the kidneys (SGLT2) that normally takes sugar back from the urine into the blood. As a result, extra sugar is passed out in the urine and blood sugar levels fall. It also causes a small loss of salt, water and calories, which may slightly lower blood pressure and weight.
Dosage and Administration
The usual starting dose for adults is 5 mg once a day, taken in the morning, with or without food. If more control is needed and the medicine is well tolerated, the doctor may increase it to 15 mg once a day. It is not started in people with significantly reduced kidney function. Swallow the tablet whole with water.
Interactions
Taking it with Insulin or sulfonylureas such as Glimepiride or Gliclazide increases the chance of low blood sugar, so their dose may need lowering. Diuretics (water tablets) such as Furosemide or Hydrochlorothiazide may add to dehydration and low blood pressure. Rifampicin may reduce its effect. Tell your doctor about all medicines you take.
Contraindications
Do not use if you are allergic to Ertugliflozin, are on dialysis, or have severe kidney failure. It is not used for type 1 diabetes or diabetic ketoacidosis.
Side Effects
Common side effects include genital fungal infections (itching, redness or discharge), urinary tract infections, passing more urine, thirst, and vaginal itching. Dizziness on standing may occur, especially in older people or those taking water tablets. Lower-limb amputation has been reported with medicines of this group, mainly with another member, but foot care is important.
Get urgent medical help if you have nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, unusual tiredness or deep fast breathing (possible ketoacidosis, which can occur even with normal blood sugar), pain, tenderness or swelling of the genital or anal area with fever, foot sores or infections, signs of kidney infection such as fever and back pain, fainting, or a serious allergic reaction.
Pregnancy and Lactation
Not recommended during pregnancy, especially in the second and third trimesters; Insulin is usually preferred. It is not recommended while breastfeeding.
Precautions and Warnings
Kidney function is checked before starting and from time to time during treatment. Drink enough fluid. Tell your doctor if you are ill with vomiting or diarrhoea, cannot eat, or are going for surgery; the medicine may need to be stopped for a while. Check your feet daily and keep the genital area clean. Avoid excessive alcohol.
Overdose
Overdose may cause dehydration, dizziness and low blood pressure. Contact a doctor or the nearest hospital; supportive care is given.
Therapeutic Class
Antidiabetic, sodium glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light and out of the reach of children.
Prepared by the Oshud Alo team from standard drug references. For information only; always follow your doctor's advice.