Indications
Gaultheria (oil of wintergreen, from Gaultheria procumbens or similar plants) is used in rubbing creams, gels, oils and balms applied to the skin. It helps ease mild to moderate muscle aches, back pain, sprains, strains, stiff joints and minor arthritis pain. It is often combined with other warming or cooling ingredients such as Capsicum, Menthol or Camphor. It is for external use only.
How It Works
The main active substance in wintergreen oil is Methyl salicylate, a close relative of Aspirin. When rubbed on the skin it first gives a warming or cooling feeling that distracts from the pain (a counter-irritant effect). Some of it is absorbed through the skin and has a mild local anti-inflammatory and pain-relieving effect.
Dosage and Administration
Apply a thin layer to the painful area and rub in gently, usually up to 3 or 4 times a day, or as directed on the label. Wash your hands after use. Do not apply to broken, irritated or sunburnt skin, near the eyes or on mucous membranes. Do not cover with a tight bandage or use with a heating pad, and do not apply before or after a hot bath or exercise.
Interactions
- Methyl salicylate absorbed through the skin can increase the effect of Warfarin and raise the risk of bleeding, especially with large or repeated use.
- Avoid using with other salicylate products, including Aspirin taken by mouth in high doses, unless a doctor advises it.
- Do not use other rubs or heat products on the same area at the same time.
Contraindications
- Allergy to Aspirin, other salicylates or any ingredient.
- Broken, damaged or infected skin.
- Children under 12 years, unless a doctor advises it.
- People taking Warfarin, unless a doctor agrees and the INR is monitored.
Side Effects
Skin redness, burning, stinging, itching or rash may occur where it is applied.
Get urgent medical help if you develop blistering or severe burning of the skin, swelling of the face, wheezing or difficulty breathing, or unusual bleeding or bruising. If any amount is swallowed, especially by a child, get emergency help at once.
Pregnancy and Lactation
Avoid during pregnancy, especially in the last 3 months, as salicylates absorbed through the skin may affect the baby. While breastfeeding, use only small amounts for a short time on small areas, never on the breast, and only if a doctor agrees.
Precautions and Warnings
- For external use only. Pure wintergreen oil is very poisonous if swallowed: a small amount can be fatal to a child.
- Keep away from the eyes; if contact occurs, rinse well with water.
- Stop use and see a doctor if pain lasts more than 7 days, gets worse, or comes with swelling, redness or fever.
- Do not use on large areas of the body.
Overdose
Swallowing the product or using too much on large areas can cause salicylate poisoning: ringing in the ears, nausea, vomiting, fast breathing, confusion and, in severe cases, seizures and death. Get emergency medical help immediately.
Therapeutic Class
Topical counter-irritant and analgesic (salicylate rubefacient).
Storage
Store below 30°C, away from light and heat, with the cap tightly closed and out of the reach of children.
Prepared by the Oshud Alo team from standard drug references. For information only; always follow your doctor's advice.