Indications
A latex condom is a thin sheath made of natural rubber latex that is worn on the erect penis during sex. It is used to help prevent pregnancy and to lower the risk of passing on sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including HIV, gonorrhoea, chlamydia and syphilis. Some condoms come with added lubricant, texture or flavour, but their main purpose stays the same.
How It Works
The condom acts as a physical barrier. It collects semen and stops sperm from entering the vagina, and it reduces direct contact between body fluids and the skin and mucous membranes of partners. Because the barrier only protects the area it covers, it lowers but does not fully remove the risk of infections spread by skin contact, such as herpes and genital warts.
Dosage and Administration
- Use a new condom every time you have sex, from start to finish, and for each act of vaginal, anal or oral sex.
- Check the expiry date and that the packet is not torn. Open it carefully with your fingers, not with teeth, scissors or nails.
- Pinch the tip to squeeze out air, place it on the erect penis and roll it all the way down to the base.
- After ejaculation, hold the base of the condom while withdrawing, before the penis softens. Remove it away from your partner, wrap it and put it in the bin, not the toilet.
- Never use two condoms at once, and never reuse a condom.
Interactions
Oil-based products such as petroleum jelly, baby oil, body lotion, cooking oil and some vaginal or skin medicines (for example some creams containing Miconazole or Clotrimazole) can weaken latex and make it break. Use only water-based or silicone-based lubricants with latex condoms. Condoms do not interact with medicines taken by mouth.
Contraindications
Do not use latex condoms if you or your partner are allergic to natural rubber latex. In that case, non-latex condoms (polyurethane or polyisoprene) are available.
Side Effects
Most people have no problems. Some may notice mild irritation, itching or dryness, which can be eased with a suitable water-based lubricant. People with latex allergy may get redness, rash, swelling or itching of the genitals.
Get urgent medical help if you or your partner develop hives, swelling of the face or lips, wheezing or difficulty breathing after contact with latex, as this may be a serious allergic reaction. If a condom breaks or slips off, speak to a doctor or pharmacist soon about emergency contraception and STI testing.
Pregnancy and Lactation
Condoms are safe to use during pregnancy and breastfeeding. Using them during pregnancy can help protect the mother and baby from sexually transmitted infections.
Precautions and Warnings
- No method is 100% effective. Correct and consistent use gives the best protection.
- Do not use a condom that is past its expiry date, sticky, brittle or damaged.
- Condoms with spermicide may irritate some people and are not recommended for frequent use or for people at high risk of HIV.
- For extra protection against pregnancy, a condom can be used together with another method of contraception.
Overdose
Overdose does not apply to condoms. Using two condoms together increases friction and the chance of breaking, so use only one at a time.
Therapeutic Class
Barrier contraceptive device (male condom, natural rubber latex)
Storage
Store below 30°C in a cool, dry place, away from direct sunlight and sharp objects. Do not keep condoms in a wallet or car for long periods, as heat and friction can damage them. Keep out of the reach of children.
Prepared by the Oshud Alo team from standard drug references. For information only; always follow your doctor's advice.