Indications
Tea tree oil is an essential oil taken from the leaves of the Australian tea tree (Melaleuca alternifolia). It is used in mouthwashes, oral gels, skin washes, creams and intimate hygiene products. Traditionally and in some studies it helps reduce germs that cause bad breath, gum irritation, mild acne, dandruff and minor fungal skin problems. Scientific evidence is moderate at best, and it is not a replacement for medical treatment of infections.
How It Works
Its main active part, terpinen-4-ol, damages the outer layer of bacteria and fungi, which slows their growth. It also has a mild soothing effect on inflamed skin.
Dosage and Administration
Use as directed on the label. Mouthwashes are usually swished in the mouth for about 30 seconds once or twice daily and spat out, not swallowed. Skin products are applied thinly to the affected area. Pure (undiluted) tea tree oil should never be put directly on the skin or taken by mouth; it must be diluted in a suitable product.
Interactions
No important interactions with medicines taken by mouth are known. Using it together with other strong skin products (for example Benzoyl peroxide or retinoids) may increase dryness and irritation.
Contraindications
- Allergy to tea tree oil or related plants
- Swallowing the oil (it is toxic if swallowed)
- Broken, burned or badly inflamed skin
Side Effects
Possible effects include skin redness, dryness, itching, burning or allergic contact dermatitis (an itchy rash), especially with old or oxidised oil. Mouthwash may cause a temporary change in taste or a burning feeling.
Get urgent medical help if it is swallowed in more than a small amount (especially by a child), or if there is swelling of the face, lips or throat, difficulty breathing, drowsiness, confusion or unsteady walking.
Pregnancy and Lactation
Diluted products used on the skin or as a mouth rinse are generally considered low risk, but safety data are limited. Do not swallow it. Ask your doctor before use during pregnancy, and do not apply to the breast area while breastfeeding.
Precautions and Warnings
For external or oral rinse use only. Keep away from eyes. Do a small patch test before first use on the skin. Not suitable for young children unless the product label says so. See a doctor if symptoms do not improve in 1 to 2 weeks.
Overdose
Swallowing tea tree oil can cause drowsiness, confusion, loss of balance, vomiting and, in large amounts, coma. Seek emergency help at once and bring the pack.
Therapeutic Class
Topical and oral antiseptic (herbal essential oil).
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light and out of the reach of children. Keep the bottle tightly closed.
Prepared by the Oshud Alo team from standard drug references. For information only; always follow your doctor's advice.