Indications
Valerian Root comes from the plant Valeriana officinalis (and related species such as Indian valerian, tagar). It is used as a herbal remedy for mild sleep problems, such as difficulty falling asleep, and for mild anxiety, restlessness and nervous tension. It is also traditionally used for period cramps and stress-related stomach upset. Research suggests it may modestly improve sleep quality in some people, but results are mixed.
How It Works
Valerian contains valerenic acid, valepotriates and other compounds. These appear to increase the activity of GABA, a natural calming messenger in the brain, which may reduce nervous activity and make it easier to fall asleep. Benefits usually build up over one to two weeks of regular use.
Dosage and Administration
Take it as directed on the label, usually 30 minutes to 2 hours before bedtime for sleep, or in divided doses during the day for anxiety. Do not exceed the recommended amount, and do not use it for more than a few weeks without advice.
Interactions
Valerian can add to the drowsiness caused by alcohol, sleeping pills and sedatives such as Diazepam, Alprazolam and Zolpidem, opioid painkillers, and sedating antihistamines. It may affect how the liver handles some medicines. Do not combine it with other sedatives unless a doctor advises it.
Contraindications
Do not use it if you are allergic to valerian. Not recommended for children under 12 years unless a doctor advises it. Avoid it if you have liver disease.
Side Effects
It is usually well tolerated. Possible effects include headache, dizziness, morning drowsiness, stomach upset, vivid dreams and, rarely, restlessness or a racing heart. Very rarely, liver problems have been reported with valerian products.
Get urgent medical help if you have yellowing of the skin or eyes, dark urine, severe stomach pain, extreme drowsiness or confusion, or swelling of the face, lips or throat or difficulty breathing.
Pregnancy and Lactation
Safety in pregnancy and breastfeeding has not been established. Avoid it during these times.
Precautions and Warnings
Do not drive or operate machinery if you feel drowsy. Stop taking it about two weeks before planned surgery, as it may interact with anaesthetics. After long-term use, reduce the dose gradually rather than stopping suddenly. Long-lasting sleep problems, anxiety or low mood should be assessed by a doctor.
Overdose
Large amounts may cause drowsiness, dizziness, stomach cramps, chest tightness and tremor. Seek medical help if a large amount has been taken or a child has swallowed it.
Therapeutic Class
Herbal sedative and sleep aid.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light and out of the reach of children.
Prepared by the Oshud Alo team from standard drug references. For information only; always follow your doctor's advice.