Apelin

Indications

Malus sylvestris is the wild or crab apple, a close relative of the common apple. Apple fruit (known in Unani medicine as Seb) is used in Unani and herbal preparations, often as a syrup, jam or tonic, traditionally to improve appetite, support digestion, strengthen the heart and mind (as a general tonic) and help recovery after illness. Apple also provides natural fibre such as pectin. Scientific evidence for most tonic uses is limited.

How It Works

Apple contains natural sugars, fruit acids (mainly malic acid), pectin (a soluble fibre), small amounts of vitamin C and plant antioxidants such as quercetin. Pectin forms a gel in the gut that helps regulate bowel movements and may help both mild diarrhoea and constipation. Fruit acids and the pleasant taste may help stimulate appetite.

Dosage and Administration

Take by mouth as directed on the label or by a registered practitioner. When part of a combination product, follow the dose for that product. Syrups are usually taken after meals.

Interactions

No important interactions are known in normal amounts. Pectin and fruit products may slightly reduce absorption of some medicines if taken at exactly the same time; keep a gap of 1 to 2 hours. Apple juice can reduce absorption of Fexofenadine.

Contraindications

Do not use if you are allergic to apple or related fruits (such as pear, cherry or peach). People with diabetes should check whether the product contains sugar and ask their doctor before use.

Side Effects

Generally well tolerated. Some people may get bloating or loose stools. People with birch pollen allergy may get itching of the mouth or throat (oral allergy syndrome).

Get urgent medical help if you notice swelling of the face, lips or throat, difficulty breathing or a widespread rash, as these may be signs of a serious allergic reaction.

Pregnancy and Lactation

Apple as food is safe in pregnancy and breastfeeding. For herbal combination products, check the other ingredients and ask a doctor before use.

Precautions and Warnings

• Sugar based syrups can raise blood sugar and harm teeth; rinse the mouth after use.
• See a doctor if loss of appetite or weight loss continues, as it may have a medical cause.
• Follow the warnings of any combination product.

Overdose

Large amounts may cause bloating, stomach cramps or diarrhoea. Apple seeds contain small amounts of a substance that releases cyanide when crushed; properly made products do not contain crushed seeds.

Therapeutic Class

Unani herbal ingredient (appetiser and general tonic).

Storage

Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light and out of the reach of children. Once opened, use syrups within the time stated on the label.