Avaxim (for Child)

Indications

Inactivated Hepatitis A vaccine is used to protect against hepatitis A, a liver infection caused by a virus that spreads through contaminated food or water or close contact with an infected person. It is recommended for children (from 12 months of age) and adults, especially travellers to areas where the infection is common, people with chronic liver disease, food handlers, and others at increased risk. Separate child and adult strengths are available.

How It Works

The vaccine contains hepatitis A virus that has been killed (inactivated), so it cannot cause infection. It stimulates the immune system to make antibodies against the virus, giving protection that lasts for many years after the full course.

Dosage and Administration

The vaccine is given by a doctor or nurse as an injection into the muscle of the upper arm (or thigh in young children). A first dose is followed by a booster dose usually 6 to 12 months later (timing depends on the product), as set by the doctor or national schedule. The child or adult strength is chosen according to age. For travel, the first dose should ideally be given at least 2 weeks before departure.

Interactions

It can usually be given at the same visit as other vaccines, at different injection sites. Medicines that suppress the immune system, such as high-dose Corticosteroids or cancer treatments, may reduce the response. Immunoglobulin can be given at the same time at a different site. Tell the health worker about all medicines.

Contraindications

Do not give to anyone who had a severe allergic reaction to a previous dose or to any vaccine component (including neomycin in some products). Vaccination is postponed during a high fever or acute serious illness; a mild cold is not a reason to delay.

Side Effects

Common effects include pain, redness or swelling at the injection site, headache, tiredness, mild fever, loss of appetite, irritability in children and nausea. These usually settle within one to two days.

Get urgent medical help if there is difficulty breathing, swelling of the face or throat, a widespread rash or fainting after vaccination. Staff will watch you for a short time after the injection.

Pregnancy and Lactation

As an inactivated vaccine it is not expected to harm the baby, but it is given in pregnancy only when there is a clear risk of infection. It may be given while breastfeeding when needed.

Precautions and Warnings

Tell the health worker about bleeding disorders or blood-thinning treatment, as bleeding may occur after an injection into the muscle. People with weak immune systems may not respond fully. Fainting can occur with any injection, so sit or lie down. The vaccine does not protect against other types of hepatitis.

Overdose

Overdose is unlikely as it is given in measured doses by health professionals. An extra dose is not expected to cause harm beyond the usual side effects.

Therapeutic Class

Vaccine (inactivated viral vaccine)

Storage

Store in a refrigerator at 2 to 8°C, do not freeze, and protect from light. It is usually kept and given at a health facility; follow the directions on the pack.