Biotin
Indications
Biotin (vitamin B7, also called vitamin H) is used to prevent and treat biotin deficiency, which is rare. It can happen with long-term tube or drip feeding without vitamins, some inherited enzyme disorders, long use of some anticonvulsants, or eating raw egg whites often. It is widely sold to support hair, skin and nails, though good evidence for this exists mainly in people who are deficient.
How It Works
Biotin helps enzymes that turn food (fats, carbohydrates and protein) into energy, and it is needed for healthy skin, hair and nerves.
Dosage and Administration
- Adults, general supplement: about 30 to 100 mcg a day meets normal needs.
- Hair and nail supplements often contain 2.5 to 10 mg a day; take these only as directed on the pack or by a doctor.
- Inherited disorders and children: as prescribed.
Take by mouth with or without food.
Interactions
Long-term use of Carbamazepine, Phenytoin, Phenobarbital and Primidone can lower biotin levels. Raw egg whites contain a protein that blocks biotin absorption. Most importantly, biotin supplements can interfere with many blood tests (see Precautions).
Contraindications
Allergy to biotin or any ingredient of the product.
Side Effects
Usually very well tolerated. Occasionally mild nausea, stomach upset or skin rash.
Get urgent medical help if you have signs of a severe allergic reaction, such as swelling of the face, lips or throat, difficulty breathing or a widespread rash.
Pregnancy and Lactation
Safe at normal recommended amounts during pregnancy and breastfeeding. Avoid high-dose supplements unless a doctor advises them.
Precautions and Warnings
High-dose biotin can give falsely high or falsely low results in many lab tests, including thyroid tests and troponin (a test used to diagnose heart attack). This can lead to a wrong diagnosis. Always tell your doctor and the laboratory that you take biotin; you may be asked to stop it for a few days before blood tests. Hair loss and brittle nails have many causes, so see a doctor if they continue.
Overdose
Biotin overdose rarely causes direct harm, as extra biotin leaves the body in urine. The main risk is misleading lab test results. Seek medical advice if you feel unwell.
Therapeutic Class
Vitamin B (water-soluble vitamin).
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light and out of the reach of children.
Prepared by the Oshud Alo team from standard drug references. For information only; always follow your doctor's advice.
All brands of Biotin