Cefaking Injection IV

Indications

Cefoperazone is a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic given by injection to treat serious bacterial infections, including infections of the lungs and airways, urinary tract, abdomen, bile ducts, skin and soft tissues, bones and joints, female pelvic organs, and blood infections (septicaemia). It is often combined with Sulbactam to widen its action against resistant bacteria.

How It Works

Cefoperazone kills bacteria by stopping them from building their cell walls. Without a strong wall, the bacteria burst and die. It is active against many Gram-negative bacteria, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and some Gram-positive bacteria. It does not work against viral infections such as colds or flu.

Dosage and Administration

Cefoperazone is given by a doctor or nurse as an injection into a vein (slowly or as a drip) or into a large muscle. The dose and length of treatment depend on the infection and the patient, as prescribed; adults commonly receive 2 g to 4 g a day divided into two doses, and more for severe infections. Children's doses are worked out by weight by the doctor.

Interactions

• Alcohol: drinking alcohol during treatment and for at least 3 days after can cause flushing, sweating, headache, vomiting and fast heartbeat (a disulfiram-like reaction). Avoid alcohol and alcohol-containing medicines.
• Warfarin and other blood thinners: bleeding risk increases.
• Aminoglycosides (e.g. Gentamicin, Amikacin) must not be mixed in the same syringe or line; giving them together may increase kidney effects.
• Strong diuretics such as Furosemide may increase kidney risk.

Contraindications

• Allergy to Cefoperazone or other cephalosporins.
• History of severe allergic reaction (anaphylaxis) to penicillins or other beta-lactam antibiotics.

Side Effects

Common effects include diarrhoea, nausea, rash, itching, pain or swelling at the injection site, and changes in liver tests. It can lower vitamin K levels and cause bleeding problems, especially in poorly nourished or elderly patients; vitamin K may be given.

Medical staff should be told at once about swelling of the face or throat, difficulty breathing, widespread rash or skin peeling, severe or bloody diarrhoea (which can occur even weeks after treatment), unusual bleeding or bruising, or yellowing of the skin.

Pregnancy and Lactation

Cephalosporins are generally considered safe in pregnancy when needed, and Cefoperazone is used if the doctor decides it is necessary. Small amounts pass into breast milk; breastfeeding is usually possible, but watch the baby for diarrhoea or thrush.

Precautions and Warnings

Tell the doctor about any antibiotic allergy, liver or bile duct disease, kidney disease, poor diet or bleeding problems. Blood clotting tests may be checked during longer courses. Long use can lead to overgrowth of resistant germs or fungi.

Overdose

Overdose is rare because it is given in hospital, but high doses may cause seizures, especially in kidney failure. Treatment is supportive by the medical team.

Therapeutic Class

Antibiotic, third-generation cephalosporin.

Storage

Store as directed on the pack, usually below 30°C, dry and protected from light, and out of the reach of children. Once mixed, use as directed by the hospital pharmacy.