Dinoprost

Indications

Dinoprost (usually as dinoprost tromethamine) is a man-made form of prostaglandin F2-alpha, a natural hormone-like substance. Products sold under this name are mainly veterinary injections used in animals such as cattle, buffalo, pigs and horses. They are not for human use. Uses in animals include:

• Bringing animals into heat (oestrus) at a planned time and synchronising breeding
• Treating a persistent corpus luteum and silent heat in cows
• Treating pus in the womb (pyometra) and some womb infections after calving
• Inducing birth (farrowing) in sows and ending unwanted pregnancy under veterinary advice

In human medicine, prostaglandins of this type are used only in hospitals for specialised obstetric care, given by doctors.

How It Works

Dinoprost causes the corpus luteum (a temporary structure on the ovary that produces progesterone) to break down. Progesterone levels fall, which allows the animal to come into heat or, in pregnancy, starts labour. It also makes the muscle of the womb contract, helping to empty it.

Dosage and Administration

Given by intramuscular injection. The dose depends on the species, body weight and purpose, so use exactly as directed on the label or by a veterinarian. Use a clean needle and syringe. Breeding programmes and timing of artificial insemination should be planned with a veterinarian.

Interactions

• Other drugs that make the womb contract, such as Oxytocin, may add to its effect.
• Anti-inflammatory painkillers such as Flunixin or Meloxicam can reduce its effect by lowering natural prostaglandins.
• Tell the veterinarian about any other treatments the animal is receiving.

Contraindications

• Pregnant animals, unless ending the pregnancy or inducing birth is intended
• Animals with serious breathing or bowel disease, or known allergy to the product
• Do not give into a vein

Side Effects

In animals, short-lived sweating, restlessness, increased breathing and heart rate, mild colic, salivation and diarrhoea can occur, especially in horses and pigs. Swelling or infection may occur at the injection site. Retained afterbirth is possible after induced calving.

For people handling the product: if accidentally injected, swallowed or splashed on the skin, wash the area at once and get urgent medical help, especially for any breathing difficulty, wheezing or, in a pregnant woman, cramping or bleeding.

Pregnancy and Lactation

Dinoprost can cause abortion. Women who are pregnant or may be pregnant, and people with asthma or other breathing problems, should not handle this product; others should wear gloves. Milk and meat withdrawal times stated on the label must be followed.

Precautions and Warnings

• For animal use only. Not for human use.
• Prostaglandins are absorbed through the skin; wear gloves and wash hands after use.
• Follow the withdrawal period on the label before slaughter for meat or use of milk.
• Use only under veterinary guidance, with correct diagnosis of pregnancy status.

Overdose

Overdose in animals may cause stronger sweating, restlessness, colic and diarrhoea. Contact a veterinarian. Any accidental human exposure needs prompt medical advice.

Therapeutic Class

Veterinary reproductive hormone, prostaglandin F2-alpha (luteolytic agent).

Storage

Store as directed on the pack, usually below 25°C, protected from light and out of the reach of children. Discard unused product as directed.