Vitamin E
Indications
Vitamin E (tocopherol) is used to prevent and treat vitamin E deficiency. Deficiency is uncommon and usually happens in people who cannot absorb fat properly, for example with long-term liver or pancreas disease, cystic fibrosis or after some bowel surgery, and in some premature babies. It is also widely taken as an antioxidant supplement, and doctors sometimes use it as part of treatment for other conditions.
How It Works
Vitamin E is an antioxidant: it protects cell walls from damage by unstable molecules called free radicals. It is needed for healthy nerves, muscles, eyes and immune function.
Dosage and Administration
- Adults, general supplement: commonly 100 to 400 IU a day, or as the doctor advises. Do not exceed this without medical advice.
- Deficiency caused by poor fat absorption: higher doses, as prescribed.
- Children and premature babies: as prescribed.
Take with a meal, as it is absorbed with fat. Swallow capsules whole.
Interactions
High doses may increase the risk of bleeding with Warfarin, Aspirin, Clopidogrel and other blood thinners. Orlistat, Cholestyramine and liquid paraffin reduce its absorption. Vitamin E may interfere with the body's use of vitamin K.
Contraindications
Allergy to vitamin E or any ingredient of the product. Avoid high doses in people with a bleeding disorder or vitamin K deficiency unless a doctor advises them.
Side Effects
Usually well tolerated at normal doses. High doses may cause nausea, diarrhoea, stomach cramps, tiredness, weakness, headache or blurred vision. Get urgent medical help if you notice unusual bleeding or bruising, blood in urine or stools, a severe headache, or signs of a serious allergic reaction such as swelling of the face or difficulty breathing.
Pregnancy and Lactation
Normal dietary and supplement amounts are considered safe in pregnancy and breastfeeding. Avoid high doses unless a doctor advises them.
Precautions and Warnings
Tell your doctor if you take blood thinners, and stop high-dose vitamin E about 2 weeks before planned surgery unless told otherwise. Long-term high doses (above about 400 IU a day) have not shown clear benefit and may cause harm.
Overdose
A large dose may cause stomach upset, diarrhoea, tiredness and a higher risk of bleeding. Seek medical advice, especially if you also take a blood thinner.
Therapeutic Class
Fat-soluble vitamin (antioxidant).
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light and out of the reach of children.
Prepared by the Oshud Alo team from standard drug references. For information only; always follow your doctor's advice.
All brands of Vitamin E