Enmecon

Indications

Piracetam is used:

• As an add-on treatment for cortical myoclonus, a type of sudden muscle jerking that starts in the brain.
• In some countries, for memory and concentration problems in older adults, and for vertigo (a spinning feeling). The evidence for these uses is limited, so it should be used on a doctor's advice.

How It Works

The exact way it works is not fully known. Piracetam is thought to help brain cell membranes and the signalling between nerve cells work better, and it makes red blood cells more flexible and less sticky, which may improve blood flow in small vessels.

Dosage and Administration

Adults, memory and concentration problems: commonly 2.4 to 4.8 g a day, split into 2 or 3 doses. Myoclonus: much higher doses are used, increased step by step, as prescribed by the specialist. Lower doses are needed in kidney disease. Tablets or syrup are taken by mouth with or without food; injections are given by a doctor or nurse.

Interactions

• It may increase the effect of blood thinners such as Warfarin and of antiplatelet medicines such as Aspirin, raising the risk of bleeding.
• Confusion, irritability and sleep problems have been reported when taken with thyroid hormone.

Contraindications

• Severe kidney disease.
• Bleeding inside the brain (cerebral haemorrhage).
• Huntington's chorea.
• Allergy to piracetam or similar medicines.

Side Effects

Common:

• Nervousness, restlessness or overactivity.
• Weight gain.
• Drowsiness, low mood, weakness.
• Stomach upset, nausea or diarrhoea.

Get urgent medical help for signs of a serious allergic reaction (swelling of the face, lips or throat, difficulty breathing, widespread rash), unusual bleeding or bruising, black stools, or worsening fits or jerking.

Pregnancy and Lactation

Not recommended in pregnancy. It passes into breast milk, so avoid it while breastfeeding unless the doctor advises otherwise.

Precautions and Warnings

• Tell the doctor about kidney problems, as the dose may need lowering.
• Use with care if you have a bleeding disorder, recent major bleeding or upcoming surgery.
• In myoclonus, do not stop it suddenly, as jerks or fits may return; the dose is reduced gradually.

Overdose

Serious effects are uncommon. Very high doses have caused bloody diarrhoea and stomach pain. Seek medical advice.

Therapeutic Class

Nootropic (medicine used to support brain function).

Storage

Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light and out of the reach of children.