Silymarin [Dried Extract of Milk Thistle Fruits]
Indications
Silymarin is an extract of milk thistle fruits. It is used as a supporting treatment in liver conditions such as:
- Fatty liver disease.
- Long-term (chronic) hepatitis and liver inflammation.
- Alcohol-related liver damage and liver damage from toxins or some medicines.
Evidence for its benefit is limited. It does not cure liver disease and does not replace treating the cause, such as stopping alcohol, losing weight or antiviral treatment.
How It Works
Silymarin acts as an antioxidant, helping protect liver cells from damage by harmful molecules. It is thought to strengthen liver cell walls so that toxins enter less easily, and to support the repair of liver cells.
Dosage and Administration
Adults: usually 70 to 140 mg two or three times a day, depending on the product strength, or as advised by the doctor. Swallow the capsule whole with water, with or after food. Not recommended for children under 12 unless a doctor advises.
Interactions
- Silymarin may change how the liver handles some medicines. Ask the doctor before use if you take Warfarin, medicines for diabetes (blood sugar may fall slightly), or medicines with a narrow safety margin.
- Tell your doctor about all herbal and prescription medicines you take.
Contraindications
Allergy to milk thistle or to plants of the daisy family (such as ragweed, chrysanthemum, marigold or daisy).
Side Effects
Usually well tolerated. Some people get mild stomach upset, loose stools, bloating or headache. Allergic reactions are rare.
Get urgent medical help if you have signs of an allergic reaction, or signs that liver disease is getting worse: yellow skin or eyes, dark urine, vomiting blood, black stools, a swollen tummy, or confusion or unusual sleepiness.
Pregnancy and Lactation
There is not enough safety information. Avoid during pregnancy and breastfeeding unless a doctor advises it.
Precautions and Warnings
- Liver disease needs a proper diagnosis and follow-up; do not use silymarin in place of medical care.
- Use with care if you have conditions that are sensitive to hormones (such as some breast or uterine conditions), as milk thistle may have weak oestrogen-like effects.
- People with diabetes should check blood sugar more often when starting.
Overdose
No serious effects are known from taking too much, though stomach upset and diarrhoea are more likely. Seek medical advice if a large amount has been taken, especially by a child.
Therapeutic Class
Hepatoprotective (herbal liver support).
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light and out of the reach of children.
Prepared by the Oshud Alo team from standard drug references. For information only; always follow your doctor's advice.
All brands of Silymarin [Dried extract of milk thistle fruits]