Nimulant

Indications

Echinacea (purple coneflower) is a herbal medicine traditionally used to help the body fight common colds and other minor upper respiratory infections, and to shorten or ease symptoms such as sore throat, runny nose and cough. It is also included in some herbal throat and mouth preparations. Scientific evidence is mixed: some studies suggest a small benefit, others show none, and it does not cure infections.

How It Works

Echinacea contains natural substances such as alkamides, polysaccharides and caffeic acid derivatives. These are thought to stimulate parts of the immune system, for example white blood cells, and to have mild anti-inflammatory effects. How strongly this helps in people is not clearly established and varies between products and plant species used.

Dosage and Administration

Use as directed on the label or by a registered practitioner. It is usually started at the first sign of a cold and taken for up to 10 days. It is not meant for continuous long term use; most products advise no more than 8 weeks without a break. Mouth or throat products are used as directed on the pack.

Interactions

• Immunosuppressant medicines, such as Ciclosporin, Tacrolimus or corticosteroids after transplant, as echinacea may oppose their effect.
• It may affect the breakdown of some medicines by liver enzymes (for example Midazolam or Caffeine); ask a pharmacist if you take regular medicines.

Contraindications

• Allergy to echinacea or plants of the daisy family (Asteraceae), such as ragweed, chrysanthemum, marigold or daisy.
• Progressive or autoimmune conditions, such as tuberculosis, multiple sclerosis, lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, HIV infection, and people who have had an organ transplant.
• Children under 12 years, unless a doctor advises.

Side Effects

It is usually well tolerated. Possible effects include stomach upset, nausea, diarrhoea, dizziness, an unpleasant taste and skin rash. Allergic reactions can occur, especially in people with asthma or other allergies.

Get urgent medical help if you develop wheezing, difficulty breathing, swelling of the face, lips or throat, or a widespread rash. See a doctor if a cold lasts more than 10 days, or if you develop high fever, chest pain or breathlessness.

Pregnancy and Lactation

There is not enough safety information. Avoid during pregnancy and breastfeeding unless a doctor advises it.

Precautions and Warnings

• Herbal products vary in strength and quality; buy from a reliable source and follow the label.
• People with asthma, eczema or other allergies have a higher chance of reacting.
• Do not use as a replacement for vaccines or prescribed treatment.

Overdose

Taking too much may cause nausea, stomach upset or dizziness. Stop taking it and seek medical advice if symptoms are severe.

Therapeutic Class

Herbal preparation, traditionally used as an immune support for colds.

Storage

Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light, with the lid closed and out of the reach of children.