Pharmavit

Indications

Multivitamin pediatric preparations are syrups or drops made for babies and children. They supply a mix of vitamins, typically vitamins A, D, E and C and B vitamins such as thiamine (B1), riboflavin (B2), niacin, pyridoxine (B6) and sometimes B12 and other nutrients, depending on the product. They are used to prevent or correct vitamin shortfalls in children with poor appetite or picky eating, during and after illness, in periods of fast growth, and when a doctor advises extra vitamins.

How It Works

Vitamins are nutrients the body needs in small amounts but cannot make in enough quantity. Vitamin A supports vision, skin and immunity; vitamin D helps the body absorb calcium for strong bones and teeth; vitamin C helps healing and iron absorption; vitamin E protects cells; and B vitamins help turn food into energy and support the nerves and blood. A multivitamin fills gaps in the diet.

Dosage and Administration

Give the dose stated on the label for the child's age, using the dropper or measuring cup supplied, not a kitchen spoon. Drops are usually given once a day directly into the mouth or mixed with a little milk or food; syrups are usually given once a day. Do not give more than the recommended amount, and do not give two products containing vitamins A and D together unless a doctor advises. Shake well before use if the label says so.

Interactions

• Other vitamin supplements, cod liver oil or fortified products add to the total intake of vitamins A and D.
• Vitamin preparations may affect some medicines, for example high doses of pyridoxine can reduce the effect of Levodopa and folic acid can lower Phenytoin levels; tell the doctor about any regular medicines.
• If the product contains iron or zinc, it can reduce absorption of some antibiotics; space doses as advised.

Contraindications

• Allergy to any ingredient.
• Excess vitamin A or vitamin D, or high blood calcium.
• Conditions where the doctor has advised against extra vitamins, such as some rare metabolic disorders.

Side Effects

Side effects are uncommon at the recommended dose. Some children may have mild stomach upset, nausea, loose stools or constipation. Urine may turn bright yellow because of riboflavin; this is harmless.

Rarely, allergic reactions can occur. Long-term overdose of vitamins A or D can cause poor appetite, vomiting, irritability, headache, excess thirst and, with vitamin D, high calcium.

Get urgent medical help if the child has a rash with swelling of the face or lips, difficulty breathing, or if a child has swallowed a large amount of the product, especially if it contains iron.

Pregnancy and Lactation

This product is made for children. Pregnant or breastfeeding women should use a supplement designed for pregnancy or breastfeeding, as advised by their doctor, and avoid high doses of vitamin A in pregnancy.

Precautions and Warnings

A multivitamin does not replace a varied, balanced diet. Check the label for the exact ingredients and whether it contains iron, sugar or other additives. Ask a doctor before giving it to premature babies, babies under 1 month, or children with kidney or liver disease. Keep all vitamin products out of children's reach and use child-resistant caps.

Overdose

Swallowing a large amount at once may cause vomiting, diarrhoea and stomach pain. Products with iron are especially dangerous to young children in overdose. Contact a doctor or poison centre immediately and take the bottle with you.

Therapeutic Class

Nutritional supplement; paediatric multivitamin preparation.

Storage

Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light, with the cap tightly closed. Do not freeze. Use within the time stated on the label after opening. Keep out of the reach of children.