Turmeric

Indications

Curcuma longa is turmeric, the yellow spice used in everyday cooking. Turmeric extract, standardised for its main active substance curcumin, is taken as a herbal supplement. It is traditionally used and studied for joint pain and stiffness (for example in osteoarthritis), indigestion and bloating, and as a general antioxidant. Evidence is modest and mixed, and it does not replace prescribed treatment for arthritis, liver disease, cancer or other illnesses.

How It Works

Curcumin is thought to calm inflammation by blocking some of the chemical signals the body uses to cause swelling and pain. It also acts as an antioxidant, helping to neutralise unstable molecules that can damage cells, and may stimulate bile flow, which can help digestion. Curcumin on its own is poorly absorbed, so some products add black pepper extract (piperine) or use special forms to improve absorption.

Dosage and Administration

Take as directed on the label or by a doctor or registered practitioner. It is usually taken with meals. Do not take more than the label amount, and do not give to children unless a doctor advises it.

Interactions

Turmeric extract may increase the risk of bleeding when taken with Warfarin, Clopidogrel, Aspirin or other blood thinners. It may lower blood sugar further in people on diabetes medicines. Products with piperine can change the blood levels of several medicines. Tell your doctor or pharmacist about all medicines and herbal products you use.

Contraindications

• Known allergy to turmeric or ginger-family plants.
• Gallstones or blocked bile ducts.
• Bleeding disorders.
• Within 2 weeks before planned surgery.

Side Effects

Turmeric extract is usually well tolerated. Possible side effects include stomach upset, nausea, heartburn, diarrhoea and, rarely, skin rash. Rare cases of liver injury have been reported with concentrated turmeric supplements.

Get urgent medical help if you notice swelling of the face, lips or throat, difficulty breathing, yellowing of the skin or eyes, dark urine, unusual bleeding or bruising, or severe stomach pain.

Pregnancy and Lactation

Turmeric in normal food amounts is safe. Concentrated turmeric extract supplements are not recommended during pregnancy or breastfeeding unless a doctor advises it.

Precautions and Warnings

Stop taking it and see a doctor if you develop signs of liver problems. People with liver disease, gallbladder disease, bleeding problems, diabetes or iron deficiency should talk to a doctor first. Joint pain with swelling, redness or fever should be checked by a doctor.

Overdose

Large amounts may cause nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea and stomach pain. Seek medical help if much more than the label amount has been taken or if symptoms are severe.

Therapeutic Class

Herbal supplement (anti-inflammatory and antioxidant plant extract).

Storage

Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light and out of the reach of children.