Indications
Aniseed is the dried fruit (often called seed) of the anise plant, Pimpinella anisum. In Unani and other traditional systems it is used as an ingredient in preparations for wind (gas), bloating, indigestion and colic (cramping tummy pain), and to ease cough by loosening mucus. It is often found in herbal mixtures for babies and children meant to relieve tummy discomfort. Scientific evidence for these uses is limited, and it should not be relied on to cure any illness.
How It Works
Aniseed contains an aromatic oil rich in anethole. This oil is thought to relax the smooth muscle of the gut, helping trapped gas to pass and reducing cramping (a carminative effect). It may also help thin mucus in the airways (an expectorant effect). Anethole has a weak oestrogen-like action, which is why large amounts need care.
Dosage and Administration
Aniseed is usually taken as part of a combined herbal product. Use it only as directed on the label or by a registered practitioner, and use the measuring device supplied. For babies and young children, follow the label exactly and do not give it more often than stated. Do not take concentrated anise oil by mouth unless a practitioner advises it.
Interactions
In normal food amounts, interactions are unlikely. In larger medicinal amounts, its oestrogen-like effect could, in theory, interfere with hormonal contraceptives, hormone replacement therapy or Tamoxifen. Tell your doctor or pharmacist about all medicines and herbal products you use.
Contraindications
- Allergy to aniseed or related plants such as fennel, dill, cumin, coriander, caraway, celery or carrot.
- Hormone-sensitive conditions such as breast, uterine or ovarian cancer or endometriosis, unless a doctor agrees.
Side Effects
Aniseed is generally well tolerated in usual amounts. Possible effects include allergic reactions of the skin, airways or gut, and nausea. The concentrated oil can irritate the stomach and, in large amounts, may cause drowsiness or fits.
Get urgent medical help if there is swelling of the face, lips or throat, difficulty breathing, a widespread rash, a fit, or unusual drowsiness, especially in a child.
Pregnancy and Lactation
Aniseed used as a spice in food is considered safe, but medicinal amounts are not recommended during pregnancy because of the oestrogen-like effect. Breastfeeding mothers should ask a doctor before using herbal products that contain aniseed.
Precautions and Warnings
Herbal products are not a substitute for medical care. See a doctor if a baby has persistent crying, fever, vomiting, poor feeding, blood in the stool or a swollen tummy, as these need proper assessment. Do not exceed the labelled dose.
Overdose
Taking too much, especially of the concentrated oil, may cause nausea, vomiting, drowsiness and, rarely, fits. Seek medical help promptly and take the pack with you.
Therapeutic Class
Unani herbal ingredient (carminative)
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light and out of the reach of children.
Prepared by the Oshud Alo team from standard drug references. For information only; always follow your doctor's advice.