Indications
Capsicum (chilli pepper extract, containing the active substance Capsaicin) is used in creams, gels, oils, balms and plasters applied to the skin. It helps ease muscle aches, back pain, stiff joints and arthritis pain, and some products are used for long-lasting nerve pain such as pain after shingles or diabetic nerve pain. It is often combined with other rub ingredients such as Methyl salicylate (wintergreen) or Menthol. It is for external use only.
How It Works
Capsaicin acts on pain-sensing nerve endings in the skin. At first it causes a warm or burning feeling. With regular use it reduces the amount of a pain-signal chemical (called substance P) in these nerves and makes them less sensitive, so less pain is felt. Full benefit for long-lasting pain may take 1 to 2 weeks of regular use.
Dosage and Administration
Apply a thin layer to the painful area and rub in gently, usually 3 to 4 times a day, or as directed on the label. Wash your hands well with soap straight after use (unless the hands are being treated) and avoid touching the eyes, nose or mouth. Do not apply to broken or irritated skin. Do not cover with a tight bandage or use with a heating pad, and avoid a hot bath or shower just before or after applying.
Interactions
- No important interactions with medicines taken by mouth are known.
- Do not use other rubs, heat products or skin treatments on the same area at the same time.
- If the product also contains Methyl salicylate, take care with Warfarin.
Contraindications
- Allergy to chilli peppers, Capsaicin or any ingredient.
- Broken, damaged, sunburnt or infected skin.
- Children under 12 years, unless a doctor advises it.
Side Effects
A burning, stinging or warm feeling and redness where it is applied are common, especially in the first days, and usually lessen with continued use. Sneezing or coughing may occur if residue is breathed in.
Get urgent medical help if you develop severe burning, blistering or swelling of the skin, eye pain after contact, wheezing or difficulty breathing, or swelling of the face or throat.
Pregnancy and Lactation
Very little is absorbed when used on small areas, but safety in pregnancy is not fully known; use only if a doctor advises it. While breastfeeding, do not apply to the breast area, and use only on a doctor’s advice.
Precautions and Warnings
- For external use only.
- If it gets into the eyes, rinse with plenty of cool water. Vegetable oil on a cloth can help remove it from the skin, as Capsaicin dissolves poorly in water.
- Stop use and see a doctor if pain lasts more than 7 days, gets worse, or comes with swelling, redness or fever.
- Do not use on large areas or near the genitals.
Overdose
Applying too much may cause severe burning and skin irritation; wash off with soap and water, or use vegetable oil first. If swallowed, it may cause burning of the mouth and stomach upset; rinse the mouth and seek medical advice.
Therapeutic Class
Topical analgesic and counter-irritant (capsaicinoid).
Storage
Store below 30°C, away from light and heat, with the cap tightly closed and out of the reach of children.
Prepared by the Oshud Alo team from standard drug references. For information only; always follow your doctor's advice.