Indications
Trigonella foenum-graecum (fenugreek, known in Bangladesh as methi) is a herb whose seeds are used as a spice and as a herbal medicine. In herbal combination products it is often included to support blood sugar control in type 2 diabetes. It is also traditionally used for poor appetite and indigestion, to support breast milk supply, and for high cholesterol. Some studies show modest lowering of blood sugar after meals, but evidence is limited and it must not replace prescribed diabetes treatment.
How It Works
Fenugreek seeds are rich in soluble fibre (galactomannan) that forms a gel in the gut and slows the absorption of sugar and fat from food. They also contain a natural amino acid (4-hydroxyisoleucine) that may help the body release and respond to insulin, and saponins that may lower cholesterol. The effects in people are generally mild.
Dosage and Administration
Take as directed on the label or by a registered practitioner, usually with meals and with plenty of water. Use as a spice in food is generally safe. If you have diabetes, keep taking your prescribed medicines and check your blood sugar regularly. Because the fibre can slow absorption of medicines, take other medicines at least 2 hours apart.
Interactions
- It may lower blood sugar further with diabetes medicines such as Metformin, Gliclazide or Insulin; watch for low sugar.
- It may increase the effect of blood thinners such as Warfarin; get your INR checked.
- Its fibre may reduce the absorption of medicines taken at the same time.
Contraindications
- Allergy to fenugreek, or to related legumes such as peanuts, chickpeas or soy.
- Medicinal doses in pregnancy.
- Bleeding disorders, unless a doctor approves.
Side Effects
Possible side effects include wind, bloating, loose stools, a maple-syrup-like smell of the urine and sweat, and dizziness. Low blood sugar may occur in people taking diabetes medicines.
Get urgent medical help if you have signs of very low blood sugar (shaking, sweating, confusion, fainting), unusual bleeding, or a serious allergic reaction such as swelling of the face, wheezing or difficulty breathing.
Pregnancy and Lactation
Fenugreek in normal food amounts is considered safe. Medicinal amounts should be avoided in pregnancy, as they may cause womb contractions. It is traditionally used to increase breast milk, but evidence is limited; it may cause loose stools or a maple smell in the baby. Use while breastfeeding only if a doctor advises it.
Precautions and Warnings
- Diabetes needs regular medical care; do not stop or change prescribed medicines without your doctor.
- People with asthma may be more likely to react to fenugreek powder.
- Stop taking medicinal amounts at least 2 weeks before surgery.
Overdose
Large amounts may cause diarrhoea, bloating, dizziness and, in people with diabetes, low blood sugar. Seek medical advice if a large amount is taken.
Therapeutic Class
Herbal medicine (traditional and Unani herbal preparation).
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light and out of the reach of children.
Prepared by the Oshud Alo team from standard drug references. For information only; always follow your doctor's advice.