Indications
Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin) is used to prevent and treat riboflavin deficiency, which can cause cracks at the corners of the mouth, a sore red tongue, sore throat, dry flaky skin and eye irritation. It is a common part of vitamin B complex and multivitamin products used during pregnancy, illness, recovery and poor diet. High-dose riboflavin is also sometimes used, on medical advice, to help reduce how often migraines occur.
How It Works
Riboflavin is a water-soluble vitamin that the body turns into two coenzymes, FMN and FAD. These help enzymes release energy from carbohydrates, fats and proteins, support healthy skin, eyes and nerves, and help the body use other B vitamins and iron.
Dosage and Administration
The usual daily need for adults is about 1.1 mg to 1.3 mg, slightly more in pregnancy and breastfeeding, and most people get this from food. For deficiency, adults commonly take 5 mg to 30 mg daily in divided doses, or as directed on the label. Combination products should be taken as directed on the label. High doses for migraine prevention should only be used on a doctor’s advice. Take with food for better absorption.
Interactions
- Some medicines can lower riboflavin levels, including Chlorpromazine and other phenothiazines, tricyclic antidepressants, Probenecid and long-term use of some anti-epileptics.
- Alcohol reduces its absorption.
Contraindications
- Allergy to riboflavin or any ingredient of the product.
Side Effects
Riboflavin is very safe. It commonly turns urine bright yellow or orange, which is harmless. High doses may occasionally cause diarrhoea or passing more urine.
Get urgent medical help if you develop swelling of the face or throat, difficulty breathing or a widespread rash after taking a product containing it.
Pregnancy and Lactation
Riboflavin is needed in slightly higher amounts during pregnancy and breastfeeding and is safe at normal supplement doses. Do not take high doses without your doctor’s advice.
Precautions and Warnings
Supplements do not replace a balanced diet. If symptoms such as mouth sores or eye problems do not improve, see a doctor, as another cause may be present. The yellow urine colour can affect some urine tests; tell the laboratory you are taking it.
Overdose
Excess riboflavin is passed out in the urine, so serious overdose is very unlikely. If a large amount of a combination product is swallowed, contact a doctor, as other ingredients such as iron may be harmful.
Therapeutic Class
Vitamin (water-soluble B vitamin).
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light and out of the reach of children. Riboflavin is damaged by light, so keep it in its original pack.
Prepared by the Oshud Alo team from standard drug references. For information only; always follow your doctor's advice.