Indications
Valerian extract comes from the root of the valerian plant (Valeriana officinalis). It is traditionally used as a mild herbal aid for difficulty falling asleep, restlessness and mild nervous tension or anxiety. Some studies suggest a small benefit for sleep, but the scientific evidence is limited and mixed. It is not a treatment for serious sleep or anxiety disorders.
How It Works
Valerian root contains natural compounds (such as valerenic acid) that are thought to increase the calming effect of GABA, a brain chemical that slows nerve activity. This may produce a mild relaxing and sleep promoting effect. Effects may build up over 2 to 4 weeks of regular use.
Dosage and Administration
Take by mouth as directed on the label or by a registered practitioner. For sleep it is usually taken 30 minutes to 2 hours before bedtime. Do not exceed the label dose. Short term use (up to 4 to 6 weeks) is preferred; ask a doctor before using it longer. Not recommended for children under 12 years unless advised by a doctor.
Interactions
- Alcohol, sleeping tablets (such as Zolpidem), benzodiazepines (such as Diazepam, Clonazepam), sedating antihistamines, opioid painkillers and other sedatives can add to drowsiness.
- It may affect how the liver handles some medicines; tell your doctor about all your medicines.
- Avoid combining with other calming herbal products unless advised.
Contraindications
Do not use if you are allergic to valerian, or if you have liver disease. Do not use in pregnancy or breastfeeding, or in young children.
Side Effects
Usually mild: headache, dizziness, stomach upset, morning drowsiness or a hangover feeling, vivid dreams and, rarely, restlessness or heart palpitations. Very rarely, liver problems have been reported with herbal products containing valerian.
Get urgent medical help if you notice yellowing of the skin or eyes, dark urine, severe stomach pain, a fast or irregular heartbeat, or swelling of the face or difficulty breathing.
Pregnancy and Lactation
There is not enough safety information for use during pregnancy or breastfeeding. Avoid it during these times.
Precautions and Warnings
- It may cause drowsiness; do not drive or use machines if affected.
- Stop at least 2 weeks before planned surgery and tell the surgeon, as it may add to the effect of anaesthetics.
- After long term use, stop gradually rather than suddenly.
- See a doctor if sleep problems last more than a few weeks.
Overdose
Large amounts may cause severe drowsiness, dizziness, stomach cramps, tremor or chest tightness. Get medical help, especially if taken together with alcohol or other sedatives.
Therapeutic Class
Herbal sedative and sleep aid.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light and out of the reach of children.
Prepared by the Oshud Alo team from standard drug references. For information only; always follow your doctor's advice.